Hamadans are hand-knotted on a vertical loom using a cotton warp and weft. Usually the weft is a single thread and the pile is of good quality wool sometimes mixed with camel hair, which is clipped medium to medium/long. These carpets use the Turkish knot with a density varying between 30 and 100 knots to the square inch. Almost all Hamadans have a fringe on one side while the opposite side terminates in a narrow selvedge. They are made in a wide range of sizes, though very large items are rare.